Although it is easy to pigeonhole migration, it is not so easy to delve into it given the different situations that each individual can experience. Because multiple factors influence the decision to migrate, including economic, social, labor, environmental, as well as all those related to discrimination, political issues, wars, exploitation or expulsion from territories, and the list can go on.
And migration is an issue that concerns us all since it can be internal, border, regional, continental or transoceanic. And the conditions of the migrant and their possibilities to move also come into play.
Internal; Many people consider that only someone who left one national territory to move to another is a migrant. But someone who moves within their own country to other areas of it is also a migrant. This implies making a temporary or permanent settlement and aspects such as: violence, work needs, educational needs, search for a different life or other aspects that also involve religious, cultural, environmental or even love issues also have an impact. Faced with this situation, regional and international organizations such as the IOM or ECLAC, among others, consider that this migration is decisive in processes of spatial redistribution of the population since it can provide solutions when it allows the resuscitation of a territory or can be a complication. by increasing overcrowding or poverty lines in large cities, especially. This is how this type of migration affects demographically and impacts social, cultural, economic and also environmental issues. Migration has many aspects that range from personal, family, and social impact since it is seen in one way or another from the personal to the collective perspective and for many individuals, as ECLAC explains: “For households and people , migration, particularly if it is framed in an elaborate strategy, is a resource for achieving certain objectives, which can be as varied as facing an economic crisis or improving the quality of life.
The other migratory conditions are those that are most mentioned given their impact at a global level and that focus on the International aspect: Here they affect and impact factors that compromise states, economic structures, social systems, cultural aspects, etc. that although They are also present in internal migration but here they are enhanced when beings lose the natural protection of their territories in issues such as documentation, culture, families, among others to become protected, recognized, included or assimilated in other conditions that many times They do not know each other or do not recognize the new one who arrives in their territories.
And there arise vital aspects that affect public policies or human security issues because many Migrants make the decision to act and enter other territories in an irregular manner, placing themselves in conditions of defenselessness and lack of protection while at the same time being at the expense of human trafficking. people, mistreatment, exploitation and abuses that violate human rights. These types of decisions arise from desperation, lack of opportunities, need to save life or simply as a decision to find better living conditions, especially exposing one's life intensely.
Other migrants apply for opportunities by responding to calls generated by countries to repopulate their territories or simply submitting documents and visas to be able to enter other territories where, some of them later decide to stay illegally due to the difficulty in the documentation processes that many countries apply to stop migration. Here other variables arise where migration can be more permanent in legality or go from legal entry to being illegal later.
Although migration has different aspects, it also produces diverse cases, even those that are temporary or a product of human curiosity and its natural need to explore and discover new horizons.
Adventurous migrants: in France there is a term assigned to them, they are called “les baroudeurs”. People who sell and leave everything to go after the adventure. They are those who put their things in a bag and go around the world. Many of this group of migrants are often young people who go on working vacation leave. The “work holidays visa” leave everything to go out to discover great spaces and new cultures. When individuals embark on these adventures, they can also find themselves involved in unexpected situations, experience difficulties due to lack of access to health systems and insecurities that can endanger life as well as the possibility of learning and getting to know fascinating cultures.
The dreamer or “le rêveur” are less reckless and more curious people; migration is, for them, the realization of an old dream. These are often people who, in fact, have a crush on a country. They have gone on vacation or go from time to time for professional reasons. Sometimes they tend to idealize the country and slowly generate ties of friendship with the territories and their inhabitants.
Migrants in search, also known as “les expatriés en quetê” are people who leave for many reasons. It may be for personal reasons, marital reasons, professional difficulties or they have failures in their lives. These migrants who close the door, go somewhere else and think that everything will be better. Obviously, it's tempting that the grass is always greener elsewhere now, but be careful, this is not a solution. Just because we go abroad doesn't mean that everything will be fine overnight.
Finally, there are people who self-exile (very different from those exiled for reasons of force majeure who must leave their territory especially to save their lives). Self-exiles are people who get tired of their country of origin for different reasons, either because they cannot find their place at a professional level or because they pay too many taxes. They say they can't find their place, they can't progress in the hierarchy, so the best thing for them, if they want to have a good professional career, is to go abroad!
In conclusion, if you want to migrate for any type of personal reasons, it may be a good idea to identify what kind of migrant you are and what you can do legally to achieve it; With this, problems could be avoided in the future since to migrate you have to do it intelligently, taking into account the language, the social and work situation of the destination country and whether it meets your expectations.
Sources
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe. (2022). Obtenido de https://www.cepal.org/es/temas/migracion-interna
Inmigración en España: tipos y origen. (12 de 2020). Obtenido de https://eacnur.org/blog/inmigracion-en-espana-tipos-y-origen-tc_alt45664n_o_pstn_o_pst/